How Stained Glass is Made

The first steps in making stained glass require planning.

The exact dimensions of the piece need to be determined, if it is to be a window. This includes the exact shape to be filled.
The subject matter for the window is chosen, usually by the customer, although it is sometimes a collaboration between the customer and the artist.
Next, a rough sketch is drawn for the customer, often on the spot. This rough sketch used to be known as a Vindimus, although that term is rarely used any more.
A full-scale plan is drawn up, showing glass shapes and colors. The lead or other metalic strips that separate the shapes is planned out to enhance the visual effect.
The glass is selected and the shapes are cut according to the plan. A small tool, called a grozer is used to nibble small bits off the edges to get an exact fit.
The glass is then fitted into H-shaped lead strips, called Cames, which are then soldered together.
In modern stained glass, the lead strips are replaced with copper foil and solder, allowing a weather tight, rattle-free product.
The completed window is then fitted into the window frame, and the frame is mounted into the opening.